Arnold Schoenberg or Schönberg (13 September 1874 – 13 July 1951) was an Austrian and American modernist composer, music theorist, teacher, and writer who propounded developing variation and the emancipation of the dissonance. He worked in Vienna and Berlin, and taught at the Prussian Academy of Arts (1925–1933). Facing Nazi Germany's civil–service restrictions, he resigned and defiantly reaffirmed his Judaism, then immigrated to the United States, teaching at the University of California, Los Angeles (1936–1944), where facilities bear his name. His early works like Verklärte Nacht (1899) and Gurre-Lieder (1900–1903, orch. 1910–1911) represented a synthesis of Johannes Brahms and Richard Wagner, while Richard Strauss influenced Pelleas und Melisande (1902–1903).
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